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January 6, 2006 WWW.KANESTREET.ORG Vayigash
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In this issue …
Our theme for the first week of 2006 is Beginnings. Although the congregation was officially organized in January 1856, Baith Israel’s founders began to organize the Jewish community several years earlier with the United Brethren Association. Items feature in this issue include a social history of Brooklyn, a list of significant local developments from 1832-1885 and a profile of the membership with a list of members up to 1862.
We acknowledge the pioneers, the early supporters who made it happen. We also say a hearty “thank you” to the core who gave support and helped launch the Journal: Dozier Hasty (Brooklyn Daily Eagle), Rabbi Sam Weintraub, Judith Greenwald, Dugans Martinez, David Grupper, Susan Benz (brooklynpubliclibrary.org/eagle), Vivien Shelanski and Jack Levin.
Let the triple jubilee year begin. Happy 150th, Kane Street Synagogue
Carol Levin, Editor
historicaljournal@kanestreet.org
Contents...
This profile of the congregation lists members during the Atlantic Street Synagogue years, 1856-1862.
By Carol Levin (scroll to bottom)
Baith Israel: 1855-1856
The 1855 account book is opened to pages showing the “Member’s Roll” and “Trustees 1855-1856”.
(Images coming soon..)
Seat Assignments in 1856
The March 22, 1856 minutes list thirty members with two sets of seat numbers, indicating that there may have been a seat book from an earlier date.
(Images coming soon..)
Act of Incorporation
The document states that Morris Ehrlich and Marcus Bass were elected on the 22nd day of March to serve as President and Vice-President of Congregation Baith Israel at 155 Atlantic Street and that the certificate is, “Recorded in the Kings County Clerk’s Office in Liber 1 of Certiciates of Incorporation, Page 192, July 8, 1856, at 11.20 A.M.)
(Images coming soon..)
“The Brooklyn Daily Eagle Almanac”
1886, Page 68
This listing of significant events and conditions in Brooklyn during the years 1832 – 1885 provides a context for the actions of the congregation and the members of the Jewish community. The price of the Almanac was 25 cents.
“Reformed Judaism”
Publication: Brooklyn Eagle; Date: FEB 11, 1870; Page 3
The “succinct history” of the Jews in the city since 1850 and establishes the year 1852 as the time that Beth Israel first began to hold meetings on Atlantic street. The article was written on the occasion of Congregation Beth Eloheim’s purchase of a church on Schermerhorn Street.
(download PDF)
“Consecrating a Jewish Burial Ground”
Brooklyn Eagle, December 30, 1857, Page 3
This article describes the United Brethren Benefit Society, which was organized by Baith Israel founders.
Rev. Dr. Gershan served as the congregation’s first rabbi. Morris Ehrlich resided at Union Street.
“United Brethren”
Publication:Brooklyn Eagle; Date: JULY 18, 1877; Page 4
A report on a picnic held by the “Oldest Hebrew Association in Brooklyn” locates the lodge rooms on Columbia Street and lists members of the society.
About the Journal …
“The Synagogue Journal” is a one-year online publication at www.kanestreet.org, designed to highlight the Kane Street Synagogue congregation’s rich historical record. It will draw primarily on original source material: oral histories, minute books and financial ledgers, souvenir journals, newsletters, and stories of the nineteenth century from the Brooklyn Daily Eagle Online ™, Brooklyn Public Library.
Each week in 2006, the Journal will explore a specific theme, related to the congregation’s experience. Articles will illustrate the three historic periods: the first fifty years as Congregation Baith Israel at both the Atlantic Street and Boerum Place sites; the middle years with Rabbi Israel Goldfarb as spiritual leader of the consolidated Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes at the present location, and the last fifty years, as the synagogue evolved to be the congregation that we know today.
Journal readers who take in the entire series will view the panorama of our special synagogue’s experience in Brooklyn, the City of Churches: the constants, the changes and the cycles. Our intention is to foster greater understanding about synagogue customs and rituals and explore the development of the oldest Conservative congregation during its proud history.
Those of you who have watched the congregation grow over the last decades and guided its course have a treasured perspective. We welcome your reminiscences, letters and photographs to help shape the BIAE story.
For further information, please contact us at: historicaljournal@kanestreet.org.
Baith Israel’s First Congregation
By Carol Levin
We know the names of the congregation’s founders from numerous histories. When the safe was opened during the 2004renovation, we discovered the actual page of signatures that had been removed to make a copy for display in ananniversary journal. But other than a few addresses, occupations and speculations about countries of origin, we know very little about the circumstances of the first members.
To better understand the composition of the Jewish community in 1850’s, let’s turn to the archives in the Special Collections Library at the Jewish Theological Seminary and reconstruct an ad hoc membership roll, using the ledgers fromthe years 1856-1862. This is the period when Congregation Baith Israel was known as the Atlantic Street Synagogue. Theelaborate script is often challenging to read, but we interpret the names as best we can and compile a list of 168. The number is surely inflated with duplicate entries due to spelling errors and incorrect initials. It’s a place to begin.
The occupations and addresses of many individuals are established by cross referencing school records, financial records, seat books or trustee minutes. Occupations include: attorney, hatter, furrier, barroom, mason, rabbi, pawnbroker,tailor shop, builder and carpenter. Common addresses are Atlantic, Myrtle, Baltic, Fulton, Main, Gold and Hamilton. A fewNew York City addresses are given. Is it the place of business or a residence? People were highly mobile then. Many downtown Manhattan congregations relocated uptown to follow members to the better neighborhoods.
Another choice neighborhood was across the East River to the newly developed, former farmlands of Brooklyn. Ferry service between Whitehall Street in Manhattan to South Ferry at the foot of Atlantic Street had existed since 1836. TheAtlantic Street Synagogue, just slightly east of the Brooklyn Ferry House, must have seemed convenient to many. Ferryservice was fast, frequent and inexpensive. David Ansel Weiss reports in the Brooklyn Heights Press and Cobble Hill News, 11/24/2005, “In the year 1869 there were almost 52 million passengers.” The old story that the Jews of Brooklynorganized Baith Israel because they were tired of rowing across the river to attend New York synagogues is a folk tale.
The following names are recorded in Congregation Baith Israel: Archives
J. Abrahams, A. Alexander, Joel Alexander, T. Alexander, Simon Asher, S. Baer, A. Bandman, Abraham Bass, BaerBass, Lewis Bass, Marcus Bass, Simon Bass, Wolf Bass, Lazarus Baum, F. Beesman, I. Bick, Joseph Bierman, Moses Blank, H. Blitz, Angel Boxiers, Samuel Brenner, Samuel, H. Brook, Brooklyn Savings Bank teller, HermanBruck, City Bank of Brooklyn, A. Cohen, Coleman Cohen, David Cohen, Jacob Cohen, Michael Cohen, HeymanCohn, Loebel Cohn, Morris Cohn, A. Coleman, Isaac Coleman, Moses Coleman, R. Coleman, T. Coleman, Julius Corn, Samuel Corn, Adolph Courrant, A. Cowan, Marks Cowen, David D’Ancona, B. Davis, Donlan Bros, MorrisEhrlich, Ettinger, Julius Flatto, Isidor Frank, Julius Franklyn, Julius Friedberg, Solomon Furst, M. Goldshmit,Alexander Goldsmith, I. Goldsmith, B. Grodjiysky, James Gruschenski, Michael Gruschenske, Simon Guttman, Israel Guttstam, S. Hanover, Salomon Hant, Elias Harris, James Harris, William Harris, Abraham Heller, J.L.Hersh, MosesHess, Nathan Hess, Samuel Hess, Sigmund Hirshfeld, Nepomuch Hofheimer, Nehemiah Hafheimer, Abraham Jacob,Samuel Jacobowsky, Isaac Jacobs, William Jacobs, I. Jacobsohn, I. Jonas, H. Kalisch, Bernard Katz, B. Kaufman, Adolph Kessler, Kethum, A. Kohl, Korn, Samuel Krotoshmer, Michel Lamm, Selig Lamm, S. Langsfield, I.Leoboldti, Salmon Leser, L. Levie, Levison, Lewitzki, Lisner, M. Loewenthal, Moses Lowenthal, Long, Isidor Losser,Simon Manne, I. Marks, Joseph John Marks, John Marx, Herman Mathias, John Mendes, Joseph Merzbacher, Metsger, Michaelzky, Michalsky, Elias Morris, Samuel Morris, William Morris, H. Moshner, Henry Muttner, M. Muttner,Netzbauner, Chas. Newman, Chas, H. Oettinger, I. Pinner, Posner, Michael Prince, Radjiski, Mrs. Reichwald, AdolphRessler, S. Rich, Robertsohn, H. Rosenberg, Sigmund Rosenberg, Salmon Rosenfeld, B. Ross, Henry Salmonsky, L. Salomoninsky, Jacob Samter, Tobias Samter, S. Scherick, M. Scherser, Schlegel, Co - Builders & Carpenters, M.Seller, Bernard Shellenberg, Nathan. Shellenberg, Louis Sheritzky, Louis, Shyer, Robert Silverberg, P. Simon,A.J.Spieldock, Peter Spitz, Stern, M. Stolz, M. Stone, Raphael Straus, B. Strauss, Salomon Taylor, Joseph Trammes, Louis Treitelfeld, Abraham Wechsler, Weigel, Marcus Weile, Weinberg, Marcus Wellman, I, Wider’s widow,J. Witlock, Daniel Wolf, Wolff Pawnbroker, Isidor Wolff, Joseph Wolff, M. Wolff.